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Checkpoint

A checkpoint is a saved snapshot of a model's state at a given point during training, including the weights learned up to that moment. It works like a save point that allows training to be resumed, the model to be shared, or it to be used directly for inference. Without checkpoints, any interruption to training would mean losing all progress made.

Definition

How it works

During training, the process periodically saves the state of the parameters, often at regular time intervals or after a certain number of epochs. Each checkpoint can be loaded to resume training from that point, to compare performance across different phases, or to select the version with the best results on validation data.

Applications

Checkpoints make long, expensive training runs more resilient, protecting against hardware failures or unexpected interruptions. They are also the format in which pre-trained models are publicly distributed, letting others start from an already-trained state instead of from scratch.

History & etymology

The term comes from the general computing practice of saving an intermediate program state, later applied specifically to machine learning model training.

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