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Valutazione d'impatto algoritmico
An algorithmic impact assessment is a structured analysis conducted before or during the development of an AI system to identify, document and mitigate the possible negative effects that system could have on people, social groups or fundamental rights. It is the tool through which an organization puts the risk-management principle into practice, examining the system's specific context of use rather than limiting itself to abstract technical characteristics.
A typical assessment examines who the people potentially affected by the system are, which decisions the system influences or automates, what categories of data are used, which groups might experience a disproportionate impact, and what mitigation measures (technical, organizational or procedural) are put in place. The result is typically a document that accompanies the system throughout its lifecycle and is updated whenever the system changes significantly.
For companies, conducting these assessments before deployment allows fairness, safety or compliance problems to be caught while they are still cheap to fix, instead of discovering them after launch when reputational impact and remediation costs are far higher. It is an exercise requiring the involvement of multidisciplinary expertise, not only technical.
The model draws on the data protection impact assessment required under the GDPR, borrowing its logic of preventive risk analysis and extending it from the sole processing of personal data to the broader set of social and individual effects an algorithmic system can produce.
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